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With the oil on the seafloor degrading slowly or not at all, the worry for the ecosystem is what continued exposure will do to animals. The eggs and larvae of fishes are particularly susceptible to oil contamination, even at concentrations as low as parts per billion, says Steven A. Murawski, also a professor of marine science at USF. He's also concerned about species that burrow into sediments and is studying a species of tilefish as well as the king snake eel. Murawski emphasizes that the toxicity concerns at this point have more to do with the health of the fish than with human exposure from consuming fish. He also notes that some fish in the Gulf, such as tuna, live for 30–40 years. Population effects from exposure of their young might not appear for years.

A fuller picture of Macondo spill effects on the Gulf may yet emerge. Companies involved in the oil-spill disaster are in the middle of a trial to determine whether they acted negligently and how much oil spilled. Under the Clean Water Act, fines could be as high as $4,300 per barrel if the judge determines that the companies were grossly negligent. Many studies have been sequestered for use in the trial, and researchers look forward to their release.“At the end of the day, this will be the most well-studied oil spill along with the biggest oil spill in history,” Murawski says. Hopefully that knowledge can be put to good use for the next spill, in the Gulf or elsewhere, to control and mitigate its impacts quickly.

David Mackay moved gingerly after copping a knock early in the match. He was eventually subbed out largely ineffective with just five disposals. Brodie Martin butchered the ball while Sam Kerridge had nowhere near the space he had against North Melbourne.Matt Wright was the standout with 25 disposals including nine clearances. Matt Jaensch was next best with three goals from 13 disposals for Sturt while Aiden Riley and Brad Crouch remain in contention. Meanwhile, Sam Shaw's recovery from a hamstring injury is on track with the key defender to return through the state league as early as next week.No shame in losing to Fremantle. They're flag contenders, no doubt. But the ugly loss could come at a cost with the Crows up against Sydney (home) and Richmond (away) before their Round 13 bye. They got away with one against North Melbourne, but the threat of a 5-7 start is far from acceptable for a team which got within a kick of a Grand Final last year. Sam Jacobs' return to form was a highlight and bodes well ahead of Saturday's run-in with in-form Swans Shane Mumford and Mike Pyke.